Simple Present 1

Simple Present
This tense is used to express repeated or permanent events : past, present  and future.

Example :
It rains almost everyday in Bogor.
They live in Jakarta, but they are staying in Bali at the moment.

The formula is

1. Verbal

-         Subject ( he, she, it, name of people or something) + Verb 1 +s + Infinitive

-         Subject ( you, I, we, they) + Verb 1 + Infinitive

2. Non Verbal

-         Subject ( you, they, we) + to be (are) + Noun/ Adjective/ Adverb of Place And Time

-         Subject (he, she, it) + to be (is) + Noun/ Adjective/ Adverb of Place And Time

-         Subject (I) + to be (am) + Noun/ Adjective/ Adverb of Place And Time

¯     he, she, it: in the third person singular the verb always ends in -s:
he reads, she writes, he looks, she brings.

¯     Negative and question forms use DOES (=the third person of the auxiliary'DO') + the infinitive of the verb.
He reads. Does he read? He does not read.

¯     Verbs ending in -y : the third person changes the -y to -ies:
flyà flies, study à studies

Exception: if there is a vowel before the -y:
play à plays, buy à buys

¯     Add -es to verbs ending in:-ss, -x, -sh, -ch:
he passes, she teaches, he fixes, it wishes, she discusses

See also Verbs -'Regular verbs in the simple present', and 'Be, do & have'